România este patria noastră şi a tuturor românilor.
     E România celor de demult şi-a celor de mai apoi
     E patria celor dispăruţi şi a celor ce va să vie.

Barbu Ştefănescu Delavrancea

Situaţia societăţilor comerciale din judeţul Alba

după anul înfiinţării şi a etniei proprietarului

– din perioada anilor 1845-1918 –

– din perioada anilor 1919-1941 –

 

Perioada anilor 1845-1918

 

 

                                 Total                din care:

                                                           români         minorităţi          din care:

                                                                                                             evrei         maghiari      germani, saşi

  1845                          1                          -                     1                        -                   -                      1

  1881                          1                          -                     1                        -                  1                      -

  1885                          2                          -                     2                        -                  2                      -

  1887                          1                          -                     1                        -                   -                      1

  1888                          3                          2                     1                        1                  -                       -

  1889                          1                          -                     1                        1                  -                       -

  1890                          4                          1                     3                        1                  2                      -

  1891                          3                          -                     3                        1                  1                      1

  1892                          1                          -                     1                        1                  -                       -

  1893                          4                          2                     2                        -                  1                      1

  1894                          2                          -                     2                        -                   -                      2

  1895                          3                          2                     1                        -                  1                      -

  1896                          8                          6                     2                        -                  2                      -

  1897                          4                          1                     3                        -                  2                      1

  1898                          6                          1                     5                        1                  2                      2

  1899                          5                          2                     3                        1                  -                      2

  1900                          9                          4                     5                        -                  4                      1

  1901                          7                          3                     4                        2                  2                      -

  1902                          5                          1                     4                        -                  2                      2

  1903                          5                          4                     1                        -                   -                      1

  1904                          5                          3                     2                        1                  1                      -

  1905                          6                          1                     5                        -                  5                      -

  1906                         10                         6                     4                        1                  3                      -

  1907                          6                          2                     4                        2                  1                      1

  1908                          9                          6                     3                        1                  2                      -

  1909                          6                          1                     5                        -                  5                      -

  1910                         15                         7                     8                        2                  3                      3

  1911                         15                         4                    11                       3                  7                      1

  1912                         11                         5                     6                        1                  4                      1

  1913                         15                         9                     6                        1                  3                      2

  1914                          8                          2                     6                        3                  2                      1

  1915                          4                          2                     2                        1                  1                      -

  1916                          8                          2                     6                        3                  3                      -

  1917                         12                         4                     8                        6                  1                      1

  1918                          8                          5                     3                        1                  1                      1

  Total                       213                       88                  125                     35                64                    26

 

 

Majoritatea acestor societăţi în special din perioada 1845-1917 se limitau la folosirea forţei de muncă familială, ca mici meseriaşi: pantofari, zidari, zugravi, frizeri, măcelari etc. iar în mediul rural prin funcţionarea unor prăvălii mixte şi crâşme.

 

Perioada anilor 1919-1941 după Marea Unire de la Alba Iulia de la 1 Decembrie 1918 şi făurirea României Mari

                                 Total                din care:

                                                           români         minorităţi          din care:

                                                                                                             evrei         maghiari      germani, saşi

  1919                         38                        22                   16                       4                  9                      3

  1920                         69                        46                   23                       9                 10                     4

  1921                         78                        54                   24                       5                 11                     8

  1922                         57                        33                   24                       9                 12                     3

  1923                         63                        43                   20                       4                 11                     5

  1924                         38                        22                   16                       2                  9                      5

  1925                         49                        30                   19                       2                 14                     3

  1926                         64                        41                   23                       1                 15                     7

  1927                         65                        42                   23                       9                 11                     3

  1928                         54                        32                   22                       6                 12                     4

  1929                         60                        41                   19                       4                 13                     2

  1930                         74                        40                   34                      15                17                     2

  1931                        125                       78                   47                      16                24                     7

  1932                         74                        38                   36                       9                 17                    10

  1933                         66                        34                   32                       8                 19                     5

  1934                         81                        39                   42                      16                22                     4

  1935                         80                        52                   28                      10                17                     1

  1936                        112                       73                   39                      11                20                     8

  1937                        138                       98                   40                      19                11                    10

  1938                        177                      138                  39                      23                12                     4

  1939                         21                        14                    7                        5                  1                      1

  1940                         18                         9                     9                        3                  4                      2

  1941                         14                        13                    1                        -                  1                      -

            Total   1623    1037    586      191      293      102

 

Pregătirea şi declanşarea celui de al Doilea Război Mondial a influenţat negativ în mod deosebit dezvoltarea economiei în general aşa cum rezultă şi din datele anilor 1939, 1940, 1941 din judeţul nostru - Alba.

Perioada                 Total                din care:

                                                         români         minorităţi          din care:

                                                                                                           evrei         maghiari      germani, saşi

1845-1918               213                       88                  125                     35                64                    26

            1919-1941       1623    1037    586      191      293      102

 

 

                    perioada 1845-1919         perioada 1919-1941

Români                  41,31%                           63,89%

Minorităţi        58,69% 36,11%

 

Din datele prezentate în situaţiile de mai sus, rezultă cu claritate şi convingere, creşterea şi dezvoltarea economică în judeţul Alba, a societăţilor aparţinând proprietarilor români, determinată de făurirea României Mari la 1 Decembrie 1918 la Alba Iulia.

 

 

Situaţia societăţilor comerciale din mediul urban al jud. Alba în anul 1940 după etnia patronilor

 

                     Total         Români     Minorităţi               Maghiari   Evrei       Germani, Saşi      Alţi

   Alba            308             114              194                         42          125                  21                  6

   Aiud            224              55               169                        109          38                   21                  1

  Abrud           127              62                65                          55            8                     2                   -

Ocna Mureş    28                8                 20                          15            4                     -                   1

  Sebeş           163              67                96                          10           16                   69                  1

  Teiuş           110              46                64                          41           14                    1                   8

  Zlatna            46               24                22                          18            4                     -                    -           

   Total           1006            376              630                        290         209                 114                17

 

Notă: datele au fost extrase din documentele existente la Direcţia judeţeană a Arhivelor Naţională, cu sprijinul directorului - prof. Ioan Pleşa.

ec. Ion STRĂJAN